Suchergebnisse

"87-569-P." ; "Reprinted with permission of U.S. Government Interagency Program ; principal funding, Department of Energy ; Program Management, Bonneville Power Administration. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Introduction -- Analytical framework -- Household biomass energy choice for cooking in energy transition and its impacts on rural livelihoods -- Evaluating the impacts of biomass collection on agricultural production -- Impacts of the changes in exogenous markets on household biomass energy use -- Conclusions and policy implications -- References -- Appendix

The energy needs of Pakistan have increased many folds in recent years due to improved lifestyle, ever-increasing population, and economic development. Biomass energy has emerged as a promising renewable energy source and has an enormous potential to fulfill the energy requirements of the country. This paper aims to assess the current situation and future projections of electricity generation by using biomass energy resources. For this purpose, we critically reviewed extensive literature i.e., research papers, energy reports, official statistical data, relevant regulations, and government policies. Research findings reveal that the abundant biomass resources of the country include fuelwood, agricultural residues, animal dung, and municipal solid waste. 48% of the domestic energy needs are being fulfilled from fuelwood, while another 32% by crop and animal residues. 85 sugar industries of the country produce enough bagasse to generate 5800 GWh of electricity. Corn stalk, sugarcane trash, rice straw, wheat straw, and cotton stalks are the major crop residues having a production of 6.43, 8.94, 17.86, 35.6, and 50.6 Mt, respectively. The power generation potential from animal dung is 4800-5600 MW. Similarly, the electricity generation potential of municipal solid waste by thermochemical and biochemical conversion is 560 kWh/t and 220 kWh/t, respectively. As envisioned by the Pakistani government to enhance the share of renewables in the total energy mix of the country from 1.1% to 5% by 2030, biomass energy has high prospects to achieve this target.

Ghana is well endowed with a variety of energy resources including biomass, hydrocarbons, hydropower, solar and wind. However, in recent times Ghana's energy sector has being bedeviled with the inability of power producers to meet demand. The current spate of power outages in the country has created anger, frustrations and demonstrations in the country. Inadequate and unreliable power supply has thus become one of the major constraints to the future economic growth of the nation. In recent times, the energy debate in Ghana has only being centered on the shortage of electricity maligning the many other forms of energy within the energy sector. This paper explores some issues on the potential development of bioenergy in Ghana as an alternative and sustainable source of energy for the country by looking at Ghana's energy situation, energy crisis, policy framework, biomass/bioenergy in Ghana, Socio-economic and environmental benefits of bioenergy and challenges to bioenergy. Ghana has significant biomass resources that provide for the majority of domestic energy use. Among the various renewable energy resources and technologies, bioenergy is the most promising. The development of biofuel may enable Ghana to achieve energy security, reduce oil import bill and save foreign exchange. It may also provide an avenue to reduce poverty and wealth creation through employment generation, increase export earning potential and finally contribute to climate change mitigation. Access to clean, modern and sustainable energy is also critical for improving the health and livelihoods of millions of people in Ghana. Bioenergy can no longer just be considered as 'the poor person's fuel' but rather be recognized as an energy source that can provide the modern consumer with convenient, reliable and affordable services.

Ghana is well endowed with a variety of energy resources including biomass, hydrocarbons, hydropower, solar and wind. However, in recent times Ghana's energy sector has being bedeviled with the inability of power producers to meet demand. The current spate of power outages in the country has created anger, frustrations and demonstrations in the country. Inadequate and unreliable power supply has thus become one of the major constraints to the future economic growth of the nation. In recent times, the energy debate in Ghana has only being centered on the shortage of electricity maligning the many other forms of energy within the energy sector. This paper explores some issues on the potential development of bioenergy in Ghana as an alternative and sustainable source of energy for the country by looking at Ghana's energy situation, energy crisis, policy framework, biomass/bioenergy in Ghana, Socio-economic and environmental benefits of bioenergy and challenges to bioenergy. Ghana has significant biomass resources that provide for the majority of domestic energy use. Among the various renewable energy resources and technologies, bioenergy is the most promising. The development of biofuel may enable Ghana to achieve energy security, reduce oil import bill and save foreign exchange. It may also provide an avenue to reduce poverty and wealth creation through employment generation, increase export earning potential and finally contribute to climate change mitigation. Access to clean, modern and sustainable energy is also critical for improving the health and livelihoods of millions of people in Ghana. Bioenergy can no longer just be considered as 'the poor person's fuel' but rather be recognized as an energy source that can provide the modern consumer with convenient, reliable and affordable services.

This publication explores the potential of biomass energy to close the urban-rural energy gap, raise farmer incomes, and address some of the environmental concerns in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Its findings are useful for other developing and medium-income countries currently in the process of drawing up their respective energy-for-all strategies. The report examines the promises and limitations of leading biomass energy technologies and resources for various distribution scales, including but not limited to household biogas digesters. The information is based on lessons learned and experiences from the ADB-financed Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Wastes Project in the PRC, as well as findings and conclusions from a technical assistance grant to assist the government draft a national strategy for developing rural biomass energy.

This publication explores the potential of biomass energy to close the urban-rural energy gap, raise farmer incomes, and address some of the environmental concerns in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Its findings are useful for other developing and medium-income countries currently in the process of drawing up their respective energy-for-all strategies. The report examines the promises and limitations of leading biomass energy technologies and resources for various distribution scales, including but not limited to household biogas digesters. The information is based on lessons learned and experiences from the ADB-financed Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Wastes Project in the PRC, as well as findings and conclusions from a technical assistance grant to assist the government draft a national strategy for developing rural biomass energy.

This paper aims to develop a framework of strategies for successful technology transfer in the Philippines, particularly for biomass energy technologies (BETs). Evaluation of nine candidate BETs using seven selection criteria resulted in identification of three most promising BETs for the Philippines namely: Stirling engine, cogeneration and bio-diesel production. These technologies can mitigate climate change, and are characterized by ease of replication and commercialization, and low level of effort requirement for technology transfer and capacity building. Country experiences on technology transfer show that the continuity of technology acceptance largely depends on government support and capacity to conduct testing and performance evaluation, and private sector involvement. The barriers to technology transfer include lack of access to information; weak human/institutional capacities; financial/economic, trade, and policy barriers; and institutional limitations. For facilitating international technology transfer, an enabling environment has to be established. Supportive policies, capacity building (both human and institutional), financial system and resource development, and institutional strengthening are recommended for this purpose.